3D-CFD Full Engine Simulation Application for Post-Oxidation Description

Rodolfo Tromellini; Madan Kumar; Salaar Moeeni; Marco Chiodi; Michael Bargende; Tatsuya Kuboyama; Yasuo Moriyoshi

doi:10.4271/2021-24-0016

3D-CFD Full Engine Simulation Application for Post-Oxidation Description

Rodolfo Tromellini, Madan Kumar, Salaar Moeeni, Marco Chiodi, Michael Bargende, Tatsuya Kuboyama, Yasuo Moriyoshi

Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

The introduction of real driving emissions cycles and increasingly restrictive emissions regulations force the automotive industry to develop new and more efficient solutions for emission reductions. In particular, the cold start and catalyst heating conditions are crucial for modern cars because is when most of the emissions are produced. One interesting strategy to reduce the time required for catalyst heating is post-oxidation. It consists in operating the engine with a rich in-cylinder mixture and completing the oxidation of fuel inside the exhaust manifold. The result is an increase in temperature and enthalpy of the gases in the exhaust, therefore heating the three-way-catalyst. The following investigation focuses on the implementation of post-oxidation by means of scavenging in a four-cylinder, turbocharged, direct injection spark ignition engine. The investigation is based on detailed measurements that are carried out at the test-bench. Due to the complexity of the investigated phenomenon, the analysis at the test-bench has been sustained by 3D-CFD simulations. At first a 3D-CFD full-engine model has been implemented to reproduce the complete engine from the air-box up to the turbine inlet. This model is able to simulate all the relevant full-engine effects like scavenging, cylinder-to-cylinder interaction and local inhomogeneity inside the cylinder. The second implemented model focuses on the exhaust manifold, from the exhaust valve up to the turbine volute, and it is characterized by a fine computational grid and by the implementation of a chemical reaction mechanism. Both models have been validated using the detailed measurements of the test-bench. The simulation matched precisely the measurements and enabled a better interpretation of experimental data. The simulation methodology has been applied also to other engine operating points enabling a mapping of post-oxidation, the development of a post-oxidation model for 1D engine simulation and the implementation of a simplified model for the full-engine simulation.

Original language	English
Journal	SAE Technical Papers
Issue number	2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.4271/2021-24-0016
State	Published - 5 Sep 2021
Externally published	Yes
Event	SAE 15th International Conference on Engines and Vehicles, ICE 2021 - Capri, Italy Duration: 12 Sep 2021 → 16 Sep 2021

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10.4271/2021-24-0016

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title = "3D-CFD Full Engine Simulation Application for Post-Oxidation Description",

abstract = "The introduction of real driving emissions cycles and increasingly restrictive emissions regulations force the automotive industry to develop new and more efficient solutions for emission reductions. In particular, the cold start and catalyst heating conditions are crucial for modern cars because is when most of the emissions are produced. One interesting strategy to reduce the time required for catalyst heating is post-oxidation. It consists in operating the engine with a rich in-cylinder mixture and completing the oxidation of fuel inside the exhaust manifold. The result is an increase in temperature and enthalpy of the gases in the exhaust, therefore heating the three-way-catalyst. The following investigation focuses on the implementation of post-oxidation by means of scavenging in a four-cylinder, turbocharged, direct injection spark ignition engine. The investigation is based on detailed measurements that are carried out at the test-bench. Due to the complexity of the investigated phenomenon, the analysis at the test-bench has been sustained by 3D-CFD simulations. At first a 3D-CFD full-engine model has been implemented to reproduce the complete engine from the air-box up to the turbine inlet. This model is able to simulate all the relevant full-engine effects like scavenging, cylinder-to-cylinder interaction and local inhomogeneity inside the cylinder. The second implemented model focuses on the exhaust manifold, from the exhaust valve up to the turbine volute, and it is characterized by a fine computational grid and by the implementation of a chemical reaction mechanism. Both models have been validated using the detailed measurements of the test-bench. The simulation matched precisely the measurements and enabled a better interpretation of experimental data. The simulation methodology has been applied also to other engine operating points enabling a mapping of post-oxidation, the development of a post-oxidation model for 1D engine simulation and the implementation of a simplified model for the full-engine simulation.",

author = "Rodolfo Tromellini and Madan Kumar and Salaar Moeeni and Marco Chiodi and Michael Bargende and Tatsuya Kuboyama and Yasuo Moriyoshi",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 SAE International. All Rights Reserved.; SAE 15th International Conference on Engines and Vehicles, ICE 2021 ; Conference date: 12-09-2021 Through 16-09-2021",

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AU - Tromellini, Rodolfo

AU - Kumar, Madan

AU - Moeeni, Salaar

AU - Chiodi, Marco

AU - Bargende, Michael

AU - Kuboyama, Tatsuya

AU - Moriyoshi, Yasuo

PY - 2021/9/5

Y1 - 2021/9/5

N2 - The introduction of real driving emissions cycles and increasingly restrictive emissions regulations force the automotive industry to develop new and more efficient solutions for emission reductions. In particular, the cold start and catalyst heating conditions are crucial for modern cars because is when most of the emissions are produced. One interesting strategy to reduce the time required for catalyst heating is post-oxidation. It consists in operating the engine with a rich in-cylinder mixture and completing the oxidation of fuel inside the exhaust manifold. The result is an increase in temperature and enthalpy of the gases in the exhaust, therefore heating the three-way-catalyst. The following investigation focuses on the implementation of post-oxidation by means of scavenging in a four-cylinder, turbocharged, direct injection spark ignition engine. The investigation is based on detailed measurements that are carried out at the test-bench. Due to the complexity of the investigated phenomenon, the analysis at the test-bench has been sustained by 3D-CFD simulations. At first a 3D-CFD full-engine model has been implemented to reproduce the complete engine from the air-box up to the turbine inlet. This model is able to simulate all the relevant full-engine effects like scavenging, cylinder-to-cylinder interaction and local inhomogeneity inside the cylinder. The second implemented model focuses on the exhaust manifold, from the exhaust valve up to the turbine volute, and it is characterized by a fine computational grid and by the implementation of a chemical reaction mechanism. Both models have been validated using the detailed measurements of the test-bench. The simulation matched precisely the measurements and enabled a better interpretation of experimental data. The simulation methodology has been applied also to other engine operating points enabling a mapping of post-oxidation, the development of a post-oxidation model for 1D engine simulation and the implementation of a simplified model for the full-engine simulation.

AB - The introduction of real driving emissions cycles and increasingly restrictive emissions regulations force the automotive industry to develop new and more efficient solutions for emission reductions. In particular, the cold start and catalyst heating conditions are crucial for modern cars because is when most of the emissions are produced. One interesting strategy to reduce the time required for catalyst heating is post-oxidation. It consists in operating the engine with a rich in-cylinder mixture and completing the oxidation of fuel inside the exhaust manifold. The result is an increase in temperature and enthalpy of the gases in the exhaust, therefore heating the three-way-catalyst. The following investigation focuses on the implementation of post-oxidation by means of scavenging in a four-cylinder, turbocharged, direct injection spark ignition engine. The investigation is based on detailed measurements that are carried out at the test-bench. Due to the complexity of the investigated phenomenon, the analysis at the test-bench has been sustained by 3D-CFD simulations. At first a 3D-CFD full-engine model has been implemented to reproduce the complete engine from the air-box up to the turbine inlet. This model is able to simulate all the relevant full-engine effects like scavenging, cylinder-to-cylinder interaction and local inhomogeneity inside the cylinder. The second implemented model focuses on the exhaust manifold, from the exhaust valve up to the turbine volute, and it is characterized by a fine computational grid and by the implementation of a chemical reaction mechanism. Both models have been validated using the detailed measurements of the test-bench. The simulation matched precisely the measurements and enabled a better interpretation of experimental data. The simulation methodology has been applied also to other engine operating points enabling a mapping of post-oxidation, the development of a post-oxidation model for 1D engine simulation and the implementation of a simplified model for the full-engine simulation.

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SN - 0148-7191

JO - SAE Technical Papers

JF - SAE Technical Papers

IS - 2021

T2 - SAE 15th International Conference on Engines and Vehicles, ICE 2021

Y2 - 12 September 2021 through 16 September 2021

ER -

3D-CFD Full Engine Simulation Application for Post-Oxidation Description

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