Microbial community of nitrogen-converting bacteria in anammox granular sludge

TY - JOUR

T1 - Microbial community of nitrogen-converting bacteria in anammox granular sludge

AU - Ke, Yanchun

AU - Azari, Mohammad

AU - Han, Ping

AU - Görtz, Ivonne

AU - Gu, Ji Dong

AU - Denecke, Martin

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

PY - 2015/9/1

Y1 - 2015/9/1

N2 - The nitrogen removal pathways in Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process where anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria convert ammonium and nitrite directly to dinitrogen gas under anoxic conditions were investigated in this study. For this propose, microbial community of anammox granules from the lab-scale and full scale reactors were analyzed according to morphology, diversity and activity. The microbial diversity of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (anAOB), heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria (HDB) and aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) was examined by clone libraries. The abundance of AnAOB and HDB was quantified by real time PCR (qPCR). The activities of partial nitrification, denitrification and anammox were estimated with batch tests and respirometry. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed an outer layer dominated by AnAOB whereas the core had a very low cell density with no AnAOB. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) results show the existence of genes related to the nitrogen-compounds-converting bacteria from AnAOB (16S rRNA), HDB (nirS) and AerAOB (amoA). In the context of phylogenetical analysis 35 AnAOB clones were analyzed belonging to the genus Candidatus Brocadia (2 Operational taxonomic units). On the other hand, amongst the 26 sequenced HDB clones had a high richness of different nirS genes (13 OTUs). In 38 clones of the amoA gene 7 OTUs were detected. The specific activity of the AnAOB was 3.7-5.6 mg N g-1 VSS h-1. Anammox was the main pathway for the ammonia degradation. The average HDB activity ranged around 0.9 mg N g-1 VSS h-1. With nitrate as a sole substrate for the HDB the average activity for the HDB without external carbon source was around 1.5 mg NO3-N g-1 VSS h-1. The activity of the AerAOB measured by respirometry test reached only 0.05 mg N g-1 h-1.

AB - The nitrogen removal pathways in Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process where anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria convert ammonium and nitrite directly to dinitrogen gas under anoxic conditions were investigated in this study. For this propose, microbial community of anammox granules from the lab-scale and full scale reactors were analyzed according to morphology, diversity and activity. The microbial diversity of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (anAOB), heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria (HDB) and aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) was examined by clone libraries. The abundance of AnAOB and HDB was quantified by real time PCR (qPCR). The activities of partial nitrification, denitrification and anammox were estimated with batch tests and respirometry. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed an outer layer dominated by AnAOB whereas the core had a very low cell density with no AnAOB. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) results show the existence of genes related to the nitrogen-compounds-converting bacteria from AnAOB (16S rRNA), HDB (nirS) and AerAOB (amoA). In the context of phylogenetical analysis 35 AnAOB clones were analyzed belonging to the genus Candidatus Brocadia (2 Operational taxonomic units). On the other hand, amongst the 26 sequenced HDB clones had a high richness of different nirS genes (13 OTUs). In 38 clones of the amoA gene 7 OTUs were detected. The specific activity of the AnAOB was 3.7-5.6 mg N g-1 VSS h-1. Anammox was the main pathway for the ammonia degradation. The average HDB activity ranged around 0.9 mg N g-1 VSS h-1. With nitrate as a sole substrate for the HDB the average activity for the HDB without external carbon source was around 1.5 mg NO3-N g-1 VSS h-1. The activity of the AerAOB measured by respirometry test reached only 0.05 mg N g-1 h-1.

KW - Activity

KW - Anammox

KW - Distribution

KW - Diversity

KW - Granular sludge

KW - HDB

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84929179056&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.04.011

DO - 10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.04.011

M3 - 文章

AN - SCOPUS:84929179056

SN - 0964-8305

VL - 103

SP - 105

EP - 115

JO - International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation

JF - International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation

ER -