TY - JOUR
T1 - Improved debromination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers by bimetallic iron-silver nanoparticles coupled with microwave energy
AU - Luo, Si
AU - Yang, Shaogui
AU - Sun, Cheng
AU - Gu, Ji Dong
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors greatly acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 50938004 ), National Major Project of Science & Technology Ministry of China (nos. 2009CB421604 and 2012ZX07529-003 ) and the Foundation of Furong Scholar project of Hunan Province for financial support, and an honorary professorship (J-DG).
PY - 2012/7/1
Y1 - 2012/7/1
N2 - This study focused on the enhanced debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) by Fe-Ag nano-particles under microwave radiation (Fe-Ag/MW). Fe-Ag bimetallic nano-particles were synthesized by reductive deposition of Ag on nano-iron and characterized with a number of techniques, including BET, XRD, TEM and XPS. Approximately 97% of BDE-209 or 78% of BDE-47 were rapidly transformed to its degradation products within 8. min in the Fe-Ag/MW system. The dehalogenation efficiency of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) was enhanced apparently by microwave radiation. Moreover, the microwave thermal energy played a significant role in accelerating the degradation reactions. Compared with nano-iron alone, the deposition of Ag also increased the rates of degradation. GC-MS and LC-MS/MS analyses of PBDEs' degradation products reveals that the possible degradation pathway proceeds through stepwise debromination from [. n]-bromo- to [. n-1]-bromo-DE, with bromine being substituted by hydrogen sequentially. Di- to nona-brominated congeners were formed during BDE-209 reduction, while diphenyl ether to tri-BDEs were observed during BDE-47 degradation. These results suggest that PBDEs can be debrominated rapidly by the innovative processes that may be environmentally friendly in applications.
AB - This study focused on the enhanced debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) by Fe-Ag nano-particles under microwave radiation (Fe-Ag/MW). Fe-Ag bimetallic nano-particles were synthesized by reductive deposition of Ag on nano-iron and characterized with a number of techniques, including BET, XRD, TEM and XPS. Approximately 97% of BDE-209 or 78% of BDE-47 were rapidly transformed to its degradation products within 8. min in the Fe-Ag/MW system. The dehalogenation efficiency of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) was enhanced apparently by microwave radiation. Moreover, the microwave thermal energy played a significant role in accelerating the degradation reactions. Compared with nano-iron alone, the deposition of Ag also increased the rates of degradation. GC-MS and LC-MS/MS analyses of PBDEs' degradation products reveals that the possible degradation pathway proceeds through stepwise debromination from [. n]-bromo- to [. n-1]-bromo-DE, with bromine being substituted by hydrogen sequentially. Di- to nona-brominated congeners were formed during BDE-209 reduction, while diphenyl ether to tri-BDEs were observed during BDE-47 degradation. These results suggest that PBDEs can be debrominated rapidly by the innovative processes that may be environmentally friendly in applications.
KW - Bimetallic iron-silver
KW - Debromination
KW - Microwave energy
KW - Nano technologies
KW - PBDEs
KW - Zero valent iron
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84862252378&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.051
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.051
M3 - 文章
C2 - 22595555
AN - SCOPUS:84862252378
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 429
SP - 300
EP - 308
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
ER -