TY - CONF
T1 - Effect of partially stabilized organic amendments on volatile acids production and pest inactivation using soil biosolarization
AU - Fernández-Bayo, J. D.
AU - Randall, T. E.
AU - Achmon, Y.
AU - Hestmark, K. V.
AU - Harrold, D. R.
AU - Su, J.
AU - Dahlquist-Willard, R. M.
AU - Gordon, T. R.
AU - Stapleton, J. J.
AU - Vandergheynst, J. S.
AU - Simmons, C. W.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Drs. Christy Brigham and Martha Witter, National Park Service, US Department of the Interior, for providing B. nigra seeds. The authors thank CleanWorld Inc. (California) for providing the thermophilic digestate. The authors also thank Bryan Pellissier, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, for his valuable help in the field preparation. This work was funded by the UC Davis Sustainability Research and Training Program and Diamond Developers (collaboration identification number 201500335), California Department of Pesticide Regulation (grant agreement number 14-PML-R004), and the National Science Foundation (CBET-1438694).
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - Soil biosolarization (SBS) is an enhanced soil disinfestation process, achieved by amending soil with organic matter (OM) prior to solarization. One reason for higher efficiency of SBS is the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). The objective of this study was to assess the impact of partially stabilized organic wastes on SBS by monitoring the VFAs production kinetics and the inactivation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lactucae (FOL) and Brassica nigra. The amendments were organic wastes partially composted (PC) and partially digested (solid digestate-SD- and liquid digestate-LD). Soil mesocosms, non-amended and amended, were prepared with a soil already infested with FOL. Weed seeds were placed at 12.5 cm depth. The mesocosms were solarized in an experimental plot or incubated at room temperature (RT, 25°C) for eight days. At 5 cm, FOL levels were below the detection limit (<20.8 CFU/g) in all solarized-amended samples. In the solarized-amended samples weed seed mortality increased from ∼4% at RT to ∼34%. VFA production was only detected in the amended samples and it was significantly higher at the lower layer of the mesocosms. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms involved in inactivation, specially the coupled effect of VFAs and temperature.
AB - Soil biosolarization (SBS) is an enhanced soil disinfestation process, achieved by amending soil with organic matter (OM) prior to solarization. One reason for higher efficiency of SBS is the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). The objective of this study was to assess the impact of partially stabilized organic wastes on SBS by monitoring the VFAs production kinetics and the inactivation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lactucae (FOL) and Brassica nigra. The amendments were organic wastes partially composted (PC) and partially digested (solid digestate-SD- and liquid digestate-LD). Soil mesocosms, non-amended and amended, were prepared with a soil already infested with FOL. Weed seeds were placed at 12.5 cm depth. The mesocosms were solarized in an experimental plot or incubated at room temperature (RT, 25°C) for eight days. At 5 cm, FOL levels were below the detection limit (<20.8 CFU/g) in all solarized-amended samples. In the solarized-amended samples weed seed mortality increased from ∼4% at RT to ∼34%. VFA production was only detected in the amended samples and it was significantly higher at the lower layer of the mesocosms. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms involved in inactivation, specially the coupled effect of VFAs and temperature.
KW - Organic amendment
KW - Soil solarization
KW - Soilborne pathogen
KW - Volatile fatty acid
KW - Weed seeds
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85035323746&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.13031/aim.201700606
DO - 10.13031/aim.201700606
M3 - 论文
AN - SCOPUS:85035323746
T2 - 2017 ASABE Annual International Meeting
Y2 - 16 July 2017 through 19 July 2017
ER -