Cu2+-doped Carbon Nitride/MWCNT as an Electrochemical Glucose Sensor

Weiran Zheng; Yong Li; Mengjie Liu; Chui Shan Tsang; Lawrence Yoon Suk Lee; Kwok Yin Wong

doi:10.1002/elan.201800076

Cu²⁺-doped Carbon Nitride/MWCNT as an Electrochemical Glucose Sensor

Weiran Zheng, Yong Li, Mengjie Liu, Chui Shan Tsang, Lawrence Yoon Suk Lee^*, Kwok Yin Wong

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

The rational design of electrocatalysts with abundant active sites and high conductivity is the key to the development of glucose sensors. Herein, we report the preparation of a Cu²⁺-doped C₃N₄ supported on multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) network (Cu²⁺-C₃N₄/MWCNT) as a highly efficient non-enzymatic glucose sensing system. The morphologic and structural investigations using TEM, AFM, XRD, XPS, EPR, and i-V response indicate the successful insertion of Cu²⁺ into the C₃N₄ inter-layers via an out-of-plane on-top configuration and the consequent exfoliation of C₃N₄ layers without forming CuO or Cu(OH)₂. Such material can act as an electrocatalyst for glucose electrooxidation, and MWCNT can greatly reduce the charge transfer resistance and enhances activity. An optimised Cu²⁺ doping level (12 wt%) in Cu²⁺-C₃N₄/MWCNT was established to realise high sensitivity towards glucose sensing (929 mA/M cm²), large linear range (0.5 μM∼12 mM), low detection limit (0.35 μM), and short response time (<3 s). Excellent selectivity against the interferents, such as dopamine, ascorbic acid, sucrose, and lactose, is also observed. In the blood serum tests, as-prepared glucose sensor reports comparable and reproducible results, demonstrating its practical potentials.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1446-1454
Number of pages	9
Journal	Electroanalysis
Volume	30
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.201800076
State	Published - Jul 2018
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

CN
MWCNT
copper ion
electrocatalysis
glucose sensor

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10.1002/elan.201800076

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title = "Cu2+-doped Carbon Nitride/MWCNT as an Electrochemical Glucose Sensor",

abstract = "The rational design of electrocatalysts with abundant active sites and high conductivity is the key to the development of glucose sensors. Herein, we report the preparation of a Cu2+-doped C3N4 supported on multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) network (Cu2+-C3N4/MWCNT) as a highly efficient non-enzymatic glucose sensing system. The morphologic and structural investigations using TEM, AFM, XRD, XPS, EPR, and i-V response indicate the successful insertion of Cu2+ into the C3N4 inter-layers via an out-of-plane on-top configuration and the consequent exfoliation of C3N4 layers without forming CuO or Cu(OH)2. Such material can act as an electrocatalyst for glucose electrooxidation, and MWCNT can greatly reduce the charge transfer resistance and enhances activity. An optimised Cu2+ doping level (12 wt%) in Cu2+-C3N4/MWCNT was established to realise high sensitivity towards glucose sensing (929 mA/M cm2), large linear range (0.5 μM∼12 mM), low detection limit (0.35 μM), and short response time (<3 s). Excellent selectivity against the interferents, such as dopamine, ascorbic acid, sucrose, and lactose, is also observed. In the blood serum tests, as-prepared glucose sensor reports comparable and reproducible results, demonstrating its practical potentials.",

keywords = "CN, MWCNT, copper ion, electrocatalysis, glucose sensor",

author = "Weiran Zheng and Yong Li and Mengjie Liu and Tsang, {Chui Shan} and Lee, {Lawrence Yoon Suk} and Wong, {Kwok Yin}",

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year = "2018",

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T1 - Cu2+-doped Carbon Nitride/MWCNT as an Electrochemical Glucose Sensor

AU - Zheng, Weiran

AU - Li, Yong

AU - Liu, Mengjie

AU - Tsang, Chui Shan

AU - Lee, Lawrence Yoon Suk

AU - Wong, Kwok Yin

PY - 2018/7

Y1 - 2018/7

N2 - The rational design of electrocatalysts with abundant active sites and high conductivity is the key to the development of glucose sensors. Herein, we report the preparation of a Cu2+-doped C3N4 supported on multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) network (Cu2+-C3N4/MWCNT) as a highly efficient non-enzymatic glucose sensing system. The morphologic and structural investigations using TEM, AFM, XRD, XPS, EPR, and i-V response indicate the successful insertion of Cu2+ into the C3N4 inter-layers via an out-of-plane on-top configuration and the consequent exfoliation of C3N4 layers without forming CuO or Cu(OH)2. Such material can act as an electrocatalyst for glucose electrooxidation, and MWCNT can greatly reduce the charge transfer resistance and enhances activity. An optimised Cu2+ doping level (12 wt%) in Cu2+-C3N4/MWCNT was established to realise high sensitivity towards glucose sensing (929 mA/M cm2), large linear range (0.5 μM∼12 mM), low detection limit (0.35 μM), and short response time (<3 s). Excellent selectivity against the interferents, such as dopamine, ascorbic acid, sucrose, and lactose, is also observed. In the blood serum tests, as-prepared glucose sensor reports comparable and reproducible results, demonstrating its practical potentials.

AB - The rational design of electrocatalysts with abundant active sites and high conductivity is the key to the development of glucose sensors. Herein, we report the preparation of a Cu2+-doped C3N4 supported on multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) network (Cu2+-C3N4/MWCNT) as a highly efficient non-enzymatic glucose sensing system. The morphologic and structural investigations using TEM, AFM, XRD, XPS, EPR, and i-V response indicate the successful insertion of Cu2+ into the C3N4 inter-layers via an out-of-plane on-top configuration and the consequent exfoliation of C3N4 layers without forming CuO or Cu(OH)2. Such material can act as an electrocatalyst for glucose electrooxidation, and MWCNT can greatly reduce the charge transfer resistance and enhances activity. An optimised Cu2+ doping level (12 wt%) in Cu2+-C3N4/MWCNT was established to realise high sensitivity towards glucose sensing (929 mA/M cm2), large linear range (0.5 μM∼12 mM), low detection limit (0.35 μM), and short response time (<3 s). Excellent selectivity against the interferents, such as dopamine, ascorbic acid, sucrose, and lactose, is also observed. In the blood serum tests, as-prepared glucose sensor reports comparable and reproducible results, demonstrating its practical potentials.

KW - CN

KW - MWCNT

KW - copper ion

KW - electrocatalysis

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Cu²⁺-doped Carbon Nitride/MWCNT as an Electrochemical Glucose Sensor

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Keywords

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