Bright circularly polarized soft X-ray high harmonics for X-ray magnetic circular dichroism

Tingting Fan; Patrik Grychtol; Ronny Knut; Carlos Hernández-García; Daniel D. Hickstein; Dmitriy Zusin; Christian Gentry; Franklin J. Dollar; Christopher A. Mancuso; Craig W. Hogle; Ofer Kfir; Dominik Legut; Karel Carva; Jennifer L. Ellis; Kevin M. Dorney; Cong Chen; Oleg G. Shpyrko; Eric E. Fullerton; Oren Cohen; Peter M. Oppeneer; Dejan B. Miloševic; Andreas Becker; Agnieszka A. Jaron-Becker; Tenio Popmintchev; Margaret M. Murnane; Henry C. Kapteyn

doi:10.1073/pnas.1519666112

Bright circularly polarized soft X-ray high harmonics for X-ray magnetic circular dichroism

Tingting Fan, Patrik Grychtol, Ronny Knut, Carlos Hernández-García, Daniel D. Hickstein, Dmitriy Zusin, Christian Gentry, Franklin J. Dollar, Christopher A. Mancuso, Craig W. Hogle, Ofer Kfir, Dominik Legut, Karel Carva, Jennifer L. Ellis, Kevin M. Dorney, Cong Chen, Oleg G. Shpyrko, Eric E. Fullerton, Oren Cohen, Peter M. OppeneerDejan B. Miloševic, Andreas Becker, Agnieszka A. Jaron-Becker, Tenio Popmintchev, Margaret M. Murnane^*, Henry C. Kapteyn

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

246 Scopus citations

Abstract

We demonstrate, to our knowledge, the first bright circularly polarized high-harmonic beams in the soft X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and use them to implement X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements in a tabletop-scale setup. Using counterrotating circularly polarized laser fields at 1.3 and 0.79 μm, we generate circularly polarized harmonics with photon energies exceeding160 eV. The harmonic spectra emerge as a sequence of closely spaced pairs of left and right circularly polarized peaks, with energies determined by conservation of energy and spin angular momentum. We explain the single-atom and macroscopic physics by identifying the dominant electron quantum trajectories and optimal phasematching conditions. The first advanced phase-matched propagation simulations for circularly polarized harmonics reveal the influence of the finite phase-matching temporal window on the spectrum, as well as the unique polarization-shaped attosecond pulse train. Finally, we use, to our knowledge, the first tabletop X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements at the N_4,5 absorption edges of Gd to validate the high degree of circularity, brightness, and stability of this light source. These results demonstrate the feasibility of manipulating the polarization, spectrum, and temporal shape of high harmonics in the soft X-ray region by manipulating the driving laser waveform.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	14206-14211
Number of pages	6
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Volume	112
Issue number	46
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1519666112
State	Published - 17 Nov 2015
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

High harmonics generation
Magnetic material
Phase matching
Ultrafast light science
X-rays

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10.1073/pnas.1519666112

Cite this

Fan, T., Grychtol, P., Knut, R., Hernández-García, C., Hickstein, D. D., Zusin, D., Gentry, C., Dollar, F. J., Mancuso, C. A., Hogle, C. W., Kfir, O., Legut, D., Carva, K., Ellis, J. L., Dorney, K. M., Chen, C., Shpyrko, O. G., Fullerton, E. E., Cohen, O., ... Kapteyn, H. C. (2015). Bright circularly polarized soft X-ray high harmonics for X-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(46), 14206-14211. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1519666112

@article{bc163bafb01549049a27a6d0b42fca5f,

title = "Bright circularly polarized soft X-ray high harmonics for X-ray magnetic circular dichroism",

abstract = "We demonstrate, to our knowledge, the first bright circularly polarized high-harmonic beams in the soft X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and use them to implement X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements in a tabletop-scale setup. Using counterrotating circularly polarized laser fields at 1.3 and 0.79 μm, we generate circularly polarized harmonics with photon energies exceeding160 eV. The harmonic spectra emerge as a sequence of closely spaced pairs of left and right circularly polarized peaks, with energies determined by conservation of energy and spin angular momentum. We explain the single-atom and macroscopic physics by identifying the dominant electron quantum trajectories and optimal phasematching conditions. The first advanced phase-matched propagation simulations for circularly polarized harmonics reveal the influence of the finite phase-matching temporal window on the spectrum, as well as the unique polarization-shaped attosecond pulse train. Finally, we use, to our knowledge, the first tabletop X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements at the N4,5 absorption edges of Gd to validate the high degree of circularity, brightness, and stability of this light source. These results demonstrate the feasibility of manipulating the polarization, spectrum, and temporal shape of high harmonics in the soft X-ray region by manipulating the driving laser waveform.",

keywords = "High harmonics generation, Magnetic material, Phase matching, Ultrafast light science, X-rays",

author = "Tingting Fan and Patrik Grychtol and Ronny Knut and Carlos Hern{\'a}ndez-Garc{\'i}a and Hickstein, {Daniel D.} and Dmitriy Zusin and Christian Gentry and Dollar, {Franklin J.} and Mancuso, {Christopher A.} and Hogle, {Craig W.} and Ofer Kfir and Dominik Legut and Karel Carva and Ellis, {Jennifer L.} and Dorney, {Kevin M.} and Cong Chen and Shpyrko, {Oleg G.} and Fullerton, {Eric E.} and Oren Cohen and Oppeneer, {Peter M.} and Milo{\v s}evic, {Dejan B.} and Andreas Becker and Jaron-Becker, {Agnieszka A.} and Tenio Popmintchev and Murnane, {Margaret M.} and Kapteyn, {Henry C.}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors thank Wilhelm Becker and Luis Plaja for useful discussions. Support for this work was provided by the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences X-Ray Scattering Program and the National Science Foundation (NSF) Physics Frontier Center Program Grant PHY-1125844 to T.F., P.G., R.K., D.D.H., D.Z., C.G., F.J.D., C.A.M., C.W.H., J.L.E., K.M.D., C.C., T.P., A.B., H.C.K. and M.M.M.); NSF Graduate Research Fellowship DGE-1144083 (to J.L.E.); Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the European Union (EU) Seventh Framework Program for Research and Technological Development (2007-2013), under REA Grant 328334 (to C.H.-G.); Junta de Castilla y Le?n Project SA116U13, UIC016 (to C.H.-G.); MINECO Grant FIS2013-44174-P (to C.H.-G.); US NSF Grants PHY-1125844 and PHY-1068706 (to A.A.J.-B.); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grant GR 4234/1-1 (to P.G.); Swedish Research Council (R.K. and P.M.O.); EU Seventh Framework Programme Grant 281043, FemtoSpin (to K.C. and P.M.O.); Czech Science Foundation Grant 15-08740Y (to K.C.); IT4Innovations Centre of Excellence Project CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0070 funded by the European Regional Development Fund and the national budget of the Czech Republic Project Large Research, Development and Innovations Infrastructures LM2011033 (to D.L.); US DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences Contract DE-SC0001805 (to O.G.S.); and US DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences Award DE-SC0003678 (to E.E.F.). This work used the Janus supercomputer, which is supported by US NSF Award CNS-0821794 and the University of Colorado, Boulder. Funding Information: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. The authors thank Wilhelm Becker and Luis Plaja for useful discussions. Support for this work was provided by the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences X-Ray Scattering Program and the National Science Foundation (NSF) Physics Frontier Center Program Grant PHY-1125844 (to T.F., P.G., R.K., D.D.H., D.Z., C.G., F.J.D., C.A.M., C.W.H., J.L.E., K.M.D., C.C., T.P., A.B., H.C.K. and M.M.M.); NSF Graduate Research Fellowship DGE-1144083 (to J.L.E.); Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the European Union (EU) Seventh Framework Program for Research and Technological Development (2007–2013), under REA Grant 328334 (to C.H.-G.); Junta de Castilla y Le{\'o}n Project SA116U13, UIC016 (to C.H.-G.); MINECO Grant FIS2013-44174-P (to C.H.-G.); US NSF Grants PHY-1125844 and PHY-1068706 (to A.A.J.-B.); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grant GR 4234/1-1 (to P.G.); Swedish Research Council (R.K. and P.M.O.); EU Seventh Framework Programme Grant 281043, FemtoSpin (to K.C. and P.M.O.); Czech Science Foundation Grant 15-08740Y (to K.C.); IT4Innovations Centre of Excellence Project CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0070 funded by the European Regional Development Fund and the national budget of the Czech Republic Project Large Research, Development and Innovations Infrastructures LM2011033 (to D.L.); US DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences Contract DE-SC0001805 (to O.G.S.); and US DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences Award DE-SC0003678 (to E.E.F.). This work used the Janus supercomputer, which is supported by US NSF Award CNS-0821794 and the University of Colorado, Boulder.",

year = "2015",

month = nov,

day = "17",

doi = "10.1073/pnas.1519666112",

language = "英语",

volume = "112",

pages = "14206--14211",

journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",

issn = "0027-8424",

publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",

number = "46",

}

Fan, T, Grychtol, P, Knut, R, Hernández-García, C, Hickstein, DD, Zusin, D, Gentry, C, Dollar, FJ, Mancuso, CA, Hogle, CW, Kfir, O, Legut, D, Carva, K, Ellis, JL, Dorney, KM, Chen, C, Shpyrko, OG, Fullerton, EE, Cohen, O, Oppeneer, PM, Miloševic, DB, Becker, A, Jaron-Becker, AA, Popmintchev, T, Murnane, MM & Kapteyn, HC 2015, 'Bright circularly polarized soft X-ray high harmonics for X-ray magnetic circular dichroism', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 112, no. 46, pp. 14206-14211. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1519666112

TY - JOUR

T1 - Bright circularly polarized soft X-ray high harmonics for X-ray magnetic circular dichroism

AU - Fan, Tingting

AU - Grychtol, Patrik

AU - Knut, Ronny

AU - Hernández-García, Carlos

AU - Hickstein, Daniel D.

AU - Zusin, Dmitriy

AU - Gentry, Christian

AU - Dollar, Franklin J.

AU - Mancuso, Christopher A.

AU - Hogle, Craig W.

AU - Kfir, Ofer

AU - Legut, Dominik

AU - Carva, Karel

AU - Ellis, Jennifer L.

AU - Dorney, Kevin M.

AU - Chen, Cong

AU - Shpyrko, Oleg G.

AU - Fullerton, Eric E.

AU - Cohen, Oren

AU - Oppeneer, Peter M.

AU - Miloševic, Dejan B.

AU - Becker, Andreas

AU - Jaron-Becker, Agnieszka A.

AU - Popmintchev, Tenio

AU - Murnane, Margaret M.

AU - Kapteyn, Henry C.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank Wilhelm Becker and Luis Plaja for useful discussions. Support for this work was provided by the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences X-Ray Scattering Program and the National Science Foundation (NSF) Physics Frontier Center Program Grant PHY-1125844 to T.F., P.G., R.K., D.D.H., D.Z., C.G., F.J.D., C.A.M., C.W.H., J.L.E., K.M.D., C.C., T.P., A.B., H.C.K. and M.M.M.); NSF Graduate Research Fellowship DGE-1144083 (to J.L.E.); Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the European Union (EU) Seventh Framework Program for Research and Technological Development (2007-2013), under REA Grant 328334 (to C.H.-G.); Junta de Castilla y Le?n Project SA116U13, UIC016 (to C.H.-G.); MINECO Grant FIS2013-44174-P (to C.H.-G.); US NSF Grants PHY-1125844 and PHY-1068706 (to A.A.J.-B.); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grant GR 4234/1-1 (to P.G.); Swedish Research Council (R.K. and P.M.O.); EU Seventh Framework Programme Grant 281043, FemtoSpin (to K.C. and P.M.O.); Czech Science Foundation Grant 15-08740Y (to K.C.); IT4Innovations Centre of Excellence Project CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0070 funded by the European Regional Development Fund and the national budget of the Czech Republic Project Large Research, Development and Innovations Infrastructures LM2011033 (to D.L.); US DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences Contract DE-SC0001805 (to O.G.S.); and US DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences Award DE-SC0003678 (to E.E.F.). This work used the Janus supercomputer, which is supported by US NSF Award CNS-0821794 and the University of Colorado, Boulder. Funding Information: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. The authors thank Wilhelm Becker and Luis Plaja for useful discussions. Support for this work was provided by the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences X-Ray Scattering Program and the National Science Foundation (NSF) Physics Frontier Center Program Grant PHY-1125844 (to T.F., P.G., R.K., D.D.H., D.Z., C.G., F.J.D., C.A.M., C.W.H., J.L.E., K.M.D., C.C., T.P., A.B., H.C.K. and M.M.M.); NSF Graduate Research Fellowship DGE-1144083 (to J.L.E.); Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the European Union (EU) Seventh Framework Program for Research and Technological Development (2007–2013), under REA Grant 328334 (to C.H.-G.); Junta de Castilla y León Project SA116U13, UIC016 (to C.H.-G.); MINECO Grant FIS2013-44174-P (to C.H.-G.); US NSF Grants PHY-1125844 and PHY-1068706 (to A.A.J.-B.); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grant GR 4234/1-1 (to P.G.); Swedish Research Council (R.K. and P.M.O.); EU Seventh Framework Programme Grant 281043, FemtoSpin (to K.C. and P.M.O.); Czech Science Foundation Grant 15-08740Y (to K.C.); IT4Innovations Centre of Excellence Project CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0070 funded by the European Regional Development Fund and the national budget of the Czech Republic Project Large Research, Development and Innovations Infrastructures LM2011033 (to D.L.); US DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences Contract DE-SC0001805 (to O.G.S.); and US DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences Award DE-SC0003678 (to E.E.F.). This work used the Janus supercomputer, which is supported by US NSF Award CNS-0821794 and the University of Colorado, Boulder.

PY - 2015/11/17

Y1 - 2015/11/17

N2 - We demonstrate, to our knowledge, the first bright circularly polarized high-harmonic beams in the soft X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and use them to implement X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements in a tabletop-scale setup. Using counterrotating circularly polarized laser fields at 1.3 and 0.79 μm, we generate circularly polarized harmonics with photon energies exceeding160 eV. The harmonic spectra emerge as a sequence of closely spaced pairs of left and right circularly polarized peaks, with energies determined by conservation of energy and spin angular momentum. We explain the single-atom and macroscopic physics by identifying the dominant electron quantum trajectories and optimal phasematching conditions. The first advanced phase-matched propagation simulations for circularly polarized harmonics reveal the influence of the finite phase-matching temporal window on the spectrum, as well as the unique polarization-shaped attosecond pulse train. Finally, we use, to our knowledge, the first tabletop X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements at the N4,5 absorption edges of Gd to validate the high degree of circularity, brightness, and stability of this light source. These results demonstrate the feasibility of manipulating the polarization, spectrum, and temporal shape of high harmonics in the soft X-ray region by manipulating the driving laser waveform.

AB - We demonstrate, to our knowledge, the first bright circularly polarized high-harmonic beams in the soft X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and use them to implement X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements in a tabletop-scale setup. Using counterrotating circularly polarized laser fields at 1.3 and 0.79 μm, we generate circularly polarized harmonics with photon energies exceeding160 eV. The harmonic spectra emerge as a sequence of closely spaced pairs of left and right circularly polarized peaks, with energies determined by conservation of energy and spin angular momentum. We explain the single-atom and macroscopic physics by identifying the dominant electron quantum trajectories and optimal phasematching conditions. The first advanced phase-matched propagation simulations for circularly polarized harmonics reveal the influence of the finite phase-matching temporal window on the spectrum, as well as the unique polarization-shaped attosecond pulse train. Finally, we use, to our knowledge, the first tabletop X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements at the N4,5 absorption edges of Gd to validate the high degree of circularity, brightness, and stability of this light source. These results demonstrate the feasibility of manipulating the polarization, spectrum, and temporal shape of high harmonics in the soft X-ray region by manipulating the driving laser waveform.

KW - High harmonics generation

KW - Magnetic material

KW - Phase matching

KW - Ultrafast light science

KW - X-rays

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84961142529&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1073/pnas.1519666112

DO - 10.1073/pnas.1519666112

M3 - 文章

AN - SCOPUS:84961142529

SN - 0027-8424

VL - 112

SP - 14206

EP - 14211

JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

IS - 46

ER -

Bright circularly polarized soft X-ray high harmonics for X-ray magnetic circular dichroism

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