Approximate models of concentration-polarization in Pd-membrane separators. Fast numerical analysis

TY - JOUR

T1 - Approximate models of concentration-polarization in Pd-membrane separators. Fast numerical analysis

AU - Nekhamkina, Olga

AU - Sheintuch, Moshe

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2015 Elsevier B.V..

PY - 2016/2/15

Y1 - 2016/2/15

N2 - Several approximate solutions are derived to predict the concentration polarization effect in a shell-and-tube Pd-membrane empty separator with permeate flow either in the tube or in the shell. The first two approximations (Nekhamkina and Sheintuch (2015) [22]) are governed by ODEs describing the axial profiles of the average variables coupled with algebraic relations that describe the radial profiles of velocity components and species concentrations. The hydrogen membrane flux is approximated by a mass transfer coefficient k=D(∂cH2/ r)w/(〈cH2〉-cH2w) expressed via the Sherwood number Sh=kd/D which is a geometry-dependent parameter (D is hydrogen diffusivity, cH2w=pH2,wret/RT is its membrane wall concentration and d a characteristic length). Here Sh is obtained by 2-D CFD simulations in a wide range of parameters and when plotted vs the separator length, it reaches an asymptotic value that matches the predicted values and is independent of operating conditions. The third approximation reduces the polarization effect to an algebraic equation by approximating the effectiveness factor =[(pH2,wret)0.5-(pH2per)0.5]/[〈(pH2ret)〉0.5-(pH2per)0.5] which depends mainly on the ratio of the mass-transfer coefficient to the membrane permeance parameter Γ=Γ(Sh). This expression can be used for fast design of separators that avoids or accounts for polarization effects. The three approximations offer a trade-off between accuracy and ease of application.

AB - Several approximate solutions are derived to predict the concentration polarization effect in a shell-and-tube Pd-membrane empty separator with permeate flow either in the tube or in the shell. The first two approximations (Nekhamkina and Sheintuch (2015) [22]) are governed by ODEs describing the axial profiles of the average variables coupled with algebraic relations that describe the radial profiles of velocity components and species concentrations. The hydrogen membrane flux is approximated by a mass transfer coefficient k=D(∂cH2/ r)w/(〈cH2〉-cH2w) expressed via the Sherwood number Sh=kd/D which is a geometry-dependent parameter (D is hydrogen diffusivity, cH2w=pH2,wret/RT is its membrane wall concentration and d a characteristic length). Here Sh is obtained by 2-D CFD simulations in a wide range of parameters and when plotted vs the separator length, it reaches an asymptotic value that matches the predicted values and is independent of operating conditions. The third approximation reduces the polarization effect to an algebraic equation by approximating the effectiveness factor =[(pH2,wret)0.5-(pH2per)0.5]/[〈(pH2ret)〉0.5-(pH2per)0.5] which depends mainly on the ratio of the mass-transfer coefficient to the membrane permeance parameter Γ=Γ(Sh). This expression can be used for fast design of separators that avoids or accounts for polarization effects. The three approximations offer a trade-off between accuracy and ease of application.

KW - Approximate models

KW - Concentration polarization

KW - Mass-transfer

KW - Membrane separator

KW - Numerical simulations

KW - Pd-membrane

KW - Sherwood number

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84949008476&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.11.027

DO - 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.11.027

M3 - 文章

AN - SCOPUS:84949008476

SN - 0376-7388

VL - 500

SP - 136

EP - 150

JO - Journal of Membrane Science

JF - Journal of Membrane Science

ER -