TY - JOUR
T1 - Advances in seeded ambient temperature ferrite formation for treatment of acid mine drainage
AU - Morgan, B. E.
AU - Lahav, O.
AU - Loewenthal, R. E.
PY - 2005/10/1
Y1 - 2005/10/1
N2 - Advances in the seeded ambient temperature ferrite process for treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD) are described. Magnetite formation requires that the oxidation rate of ferrous to ferric does not exceed the rate at which ferrous iron is incorporated into the crystal structure (dehydroxylation- crystallization). If the oxidation rate is too high, then ferric-only oxides form, an effect exacerbated by the presence of calcium. NaOH was used to raise the pH of simulated AMD, which also contained calcium so as to simulate the use of lime (i.e., the dissolved Ca/Fe2+ concentration was maintained at 1:1 by the coaddition of CaClJapanese source2 because this is the Ca/Fe ratio that occurs when pH is elevated by the dissolution of lime), Raising the pH to 10.5 causes Fe2+ to precipitate as "ferrous intermediate" (FI), which is then partially oxidized to magnetite (Fe2+-Fe 3+2O4). The inhibitory effect of calcium is overcome by a combination of magnetite seed particles, high FI concentrations, and aging, High FI concentrations are easily obtained, even from AMD low in Fe2+, by a contact stabilization reactor-settler sequence. Results for simultaneous removal of cobalt, a metal found in significant concentrations in South African AMD, are also presented.
AB - Advances in the seeded ambient temperature ferrite process for treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD) are described. Magnetite formation requires that the oxidation rate of ferrous to ferric does not exceed the rate at which ferrous iron is incorporated into the crystal structure (dehydroxylation- crystallization). If the oxidation rate is too high, then ferric-only oxides form, an effect exacerbated by the presence of calcium. NaOH was used to raise the pH of simulated AMD, which also contained calcium so as to simulate the use of lime (i.e., the dissolved Ca/Fe2+ concentration was maintained at 1:1 by the coaddition of CaClJapanese source2 because this is the Ca/Fe ratio that occurs when pH is elevated by the dissolution of lime), Raising the pH to 10.5 causes Fe2+ to precipitate as "ferrous intermediate" (FI), which is then partially oxidized to magnetite (Fe2+-Fe 3+2O4). The inhibitory effect of calcium is overcome by a combination of magnetite seed particles, high FI concentrations, and aging, High FI concentrations are easily obtained, even from AMD low in Fe2+, by a contact stabilization reactor-settler sequence. Results for simultaneous removal of cobalt, a metal found in significant concentrations in South African AMD, are also presented.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=26044480338&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/es050498a
DO - 10.1021/es050498a
M3 - 文章
C2 - 16245844
AN - SCOPUS:26044480338
VL - 39
SP - 7678
EP - 7683
JO - Environmental Science & Technology
JF - Environmental Science & Technology
SN - 0013-936X
IS - 19
ER -