TY - JOUR
T1 - Growth of silicon/carbon microrods on graphite microspheres as improved anodes for lithium-ion batteries
AU - Zhu, Xiaoyi
AU - Chen, Han
AU - Wang, Yanhong
AU - Xia, Linhua
AU - Tan, Qiangqiang
AU - Li, Hong
AU - Zhong, Ziyi
AU - Su, Fabing
AU - Zhao, X. S.
PY - 2013/4/14
Y1 - 2013/4/14
N2 - We report a facile chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to grow silicon/carbon (Si/C) microrods on the surface of commercial graphite microspheres (GMs) to prepare Si/C/GM composite materials as Li-ion battery anodes. Dimethyldichlorosilane and toluene were used as Si and C precursors, respectively. The CVD temperature and time, as well as the mechanism of materials growth were investigated. The samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the obtained Si/C/GM composites with an urchin-like morphology are composed of Si particles, amorphous carbon, and graphite. The CVD conditions have a significant impact on the morphology and electrochemical performance of the composite materials. The composite prepared under the optimum CVD conditions, namely at 900 °C for 5 h, displayed the best anode properties with a specific capacity of 562.0 mA h g-1 at a current density of 50 mA g-1, much higher than that of GMs (361.0 mA h g-1), and a good cycling performance (i.e., a reversible capacity of 590.5 mA h g-1 after 50 cycles). The improved electrochemical performance is attributed to the incorporation of Si, together with the formation of a Si/C microrod network, which connects the GMs and buffers the volume change of Si during lithium ion insertion/extraction. The work provides a simple and low-cost route to enhance the performance of commercial graphite anode materials for Li-ion batteries.
AB - We report a facile chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to grow silicon/carbon (Si/C) microrods on the surface of commercial graphite microspheres (GMs) to prepare Si/C/GM composite materials as Li-ion battery anodes. Dimethyldichlorosilane and toluene were used as Si and C precursors, respectively. The CVD temperature and time, as well as the mechanism of materials growth were investigated. The samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the obtained Si/C/GM composites with an urchin-like morphology are composed of Si particles, amorphous carbon, and graphite. The CVD conditions have a significant impact on the morphology and electrochemical performance of the composite materials. The composite prepared under the optimum CVD conditions, namely at 900 °C for 5 h, displayed the best anode properties with a specific capacity of 562.0 mA h g-1 at a current density of 50 mA g-1, much higher than that of GMs (361.0 mA h g-1), and a good cycling performance (i.e., a reversible capacity of 590.5 mA h g-1 after 50 cycles). The improved electrochemical performance is attributed to the incorporation of Si, together with the formation of a Si/C microrod network, which connects the GMs and buffers the volume change of Si during lithium ion insertion/extraction. The work provides a simple and low-cost route to enhance the performance of commercial graphite anode materials for Li-ion batteries.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84874968943&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1039/c3ta01474f
DO - 10.1039/c3ta01474f
M3 - 文章
AN - SCOPUS:84874968943
SN - 2050-7488
VL - 1
SP - 4483
EP - 4489
JO - Journal of Materials Chemistry A
JF - Journal of Materials Chemistry A
IS - 14
ER -
