A More Comprehensive Community of Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea (AOA) Revealed by Genomic DNA and RNA Analyses of amoA Gene in Subtropical Acidic Forest Soils

TY - JOUR

T1 - A More Comprehensive Community of Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea (AOA) Revealed by Genomic DNA and RNA Analyses of amoA Gene in Subtropical Acidic Forest Soils

AU - Wu, Ruo Nan

AU - Meng, Han

AU - Wang, Yong Feng

AU - Lan, Wensheng

AU - Gu, Ji Dong

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

PY - 2017/11/1

Y1 - 2017/11/1

N2 - Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) are the main nitrifiers which are well studied in natural environments, and AOA frequently outnumber AOB by orders especially in acidic conditions, making AOA the most promising ammonia oxidizers. The phylogeny of AOA revealed in related studies, however, often varied and hardly reach a consensus on functional phylotypes. The objective of this study was to compare ammonia-oxidizing communities by amoA gene and transcript based on both genomic DNA and RNA in extremely acidic forest soils (pH <4.5). Our results support the numerical and functional dominance of AOA over AOB in acidic soils as bacterial amoA gene and transcript were both under detection limits and archaeal amoA, in contrast, were abundant and responded to the fluctuations of environmental factors. Organic matter from tree residues was proposed as the main source of microbial available nitrogen, and the potential co-precipitation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with soluble Al3+ species in acidic soil matrix may further restrict the amount of nitrogen sources required by AOB besides NH3/NH4 + equilibrium. Although AOA were better adapted to oligotrophic environments, they were susceptible to the toxicity of exchangeable Al3+. Phylotypes affiliated to Nitrososphaera, Nitrososphaera sister group, and Nitrosotalea were detected by amoA gene and transcript. Nitrosotalea devantaerra and Nitrososphaera sister group were the major AOA. Compared to the genomic DNA data, higher relative abundances of Nitrososphaera and Nitrososphaera sister group were recognized in amoA transcript inferred AOA communities, where Nitrosotalea relative abundance was found lower, implying the functional activities of Nitrososphaera sister group and Nitrososphaera were easily underestimated and Nitrosotalea did not attribute proportionally to nitrification in extremely acidic soils. Further comparison of the different AOA community compositions and relative abundance of each phylotypes revealed by amoA genes and transcripts make it possible to identify the functional AOA species and assess their ecological role in extremely acidic soils.

AB - Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) are the main nitrifiers which are well studied in natural environments, and AOA frequently outnumber AOB by orders especially in acidic conditions, making AOA the most promising ammonia oxidizers. The phylogeny of AOA revealed in related studies, however, often varied and hardly reach a consensus on functional phylotypes. The objective of this study was to compare ammonia-oxidizing communities by amoA gene and transcript based on both genomic DNA and RNA in extremely acidic forest soils (pH <4.5). Our results support the numerical and functional dominance of AOA over AOB in acidic soils as bacterial amoA gene and transcript were both under detection limits and archaeal amoA, in contrast, were abundant and responded to the fluctuations of environmental factors. Organic matter from tree residues was proposed as the main source of microbial available nitrogen, and the potential co-precipitation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with soluble Al3+ species in acidic soil matrix may further restrict the amount of nitrogen sources required by AOB besides NH3/NH4 + equilibrium. Although AOA were better adapted to oligotrophic environments, they were susceptible to the toxicity of exchangeable Al3+. Phylotypes affiliated to Nitrososphaera, Nitrososphaera sister group, and Nitrosotalea were detected by amoA gene and transcript. Nitrosotalea devantaerra and Nitrososphaera sister group were the major AOA. Compared to the genomic DNA data, higher relative abundances of Nitrososphaera and Nitrososphaera sister group were recognized in amoA transcript inferred AOA communities, where Nitrosotalea relative abundance was found lower, implying the functional activities of Nitrososphaera sister group and Nitrososphaera were easily underestimated and Nitrosotalea did not attribute proportionally to nitrification in extremely acidic soils. Further comparison of the different AOA community compositions and relative abundance of each phylotypes revealed by amoA genes and transcripts make it possible to identify the functional AOA species and assess their ecological role in extremely acidic soils.

KW - Aluminum

KW - Ammonia monooxygenase subunit A gene (amoA)

KW - Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA)

KW - Nitrososphaera

KW - Nitrososphaera sister group

KW - Organic matter

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85028549685&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/s00248-017-1045-4

DO - 10.1007/s00248-017-1045-4

M3 - 文章

C2 - 28808742

AN - SCOPUS:85028549685

SN - 0095-3628

VL - 74

SP - 910

EP - 922

JO - Microbial Ecology

JF - Microbial Ecology

IS - 4

ER -