TY - JOUR
T1 - A design study on the optimal water refreshment rate in recirculating aquaculture systems
AU - Seginer, Ido
AU - Mozes, Noam
AU - Lahav, Ori
N1 - Funding Information:
Financial support for this study has been provided by the Israel Ministry of Agriculture, Research project No. 833-0157-05.
PY - 2008/6
Y1 - 2008/6
N2 - Refreshment (make-up) water is used in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) mainly to purge off-flavors, to add alkalinity and sometimes for temperature control. Alternatively, alkalinity may be added by means of a chemical base and heat may be supplied by a heating system. The objective of this study is to show how the optimal (minimizing cost) mix of the three controls: water, base and heat, can be found for given temperatures and water prices. The optimal solution varies over the temperature space and also depends on the price of water. For conditions at Eilat, Israel (on the Red Sea), using supplementary heating to maintain a constant temperature may become prohibitively expensive. If heating is given up, the remaining choice is between the supply of alkalinity via the refreshment water and adding a base. The supply of alkalinity with the water requires ∼2.0 m3[water]/kg[feed], much more than the minimum refreshment rate required to purge off-flavors, which is thought to be ∼0.3 m3[water]/kg[feed]. If the price of water is more than ∼0.03 USD/m3, the use of sodium bicarbonate for alkalinity control is justified.
AB - Refreshment (make-up) water is used in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) mainly to purge off-flavors, to add alkalinity and sometimes for temperature control. Alternatively, alkalinity may be added by means of a chemical base and heat may be supplied by a heating system. The objective of this study is to show how the optimal (minimizing cost) mix of the three controls: water, base and heat, can be found for given temperatures and water prices. The optimal solution varies over the temperature space and also depends on the price of water. For conditions at Eilat, Israel (on the Red Sea), using supplementary heating to maintain a constant temperature may become prohibitively expensive. If heating is given up, the remaining choice is between the supply of alkalinity via the refreshment water and adding a base. The supply of alkalinity with the water requires ∼2.0 m3[water]/kg[feed], much more than the minimum refreshment rate required to purge off-flavors, which is thought to be ∼0.3 m3[water]/kg[feed]. If the price of water is more than ∼0.03 USD/m3, the use of sodium bicarbonate for alkalinity control is justified.
KW - Alkalinity
KW - Fish
KW - Off-flavors purging
KW - RAS
KW - Water exchange
KW - Water heating
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=44349108353&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2008.03.001
DO - 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2008.03.001
M3 - 文章
AN - SCOPUS:44349108353
VL - 38
SP - 171
EP - 180
JO - Aquacultural Engineering
JF - Aquacultural Engineering
SN - 0144-8609
IS - 3
ER -