Runaway electron beam control

Saint Petersburg IAEA - FEC2014 - G. Pucella; The ASDEX Upgrade, MAST and TCV Teams; JET contributors; the FTU results G Pucella

doi:10.1088/1361-6587/aaef53

Runaway electron beam control

Saint Petersburg IAEA - FEC2014 - G. Pucella, The ASDEX Upgrade, MAST and TCV Teams, JET contributors, the FTU results G Pucella

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

22 Scopus citations

Abstract

Post-disruption runaway electron (RE) beams in tokamaks with large current can cause deep melting of the vessel and are one of the major concerns for ITER operations. Consequently, a considerable effort is provided by the scientific community in order to test RE mitigation strategies. We present an overview of the results obtained at FTU and TCV controlling the current and position of RE beams to improve safety and repeatability of mitigation studies such as massive gas (MGI) and shattered pellet injections (SPI). We show that the proposed RE beam controller (REB-C) implemented at FTU and TCV is effective and that current reduction of the beam can be performed via the central solenoid reducing the energy of REs, providing an alternative/parallel mitigation strategy to MGI/SPI. Experimental results show that, meanwhile deuterium pellets injected on a fully formed RE beam are ablated but do not improve RE energy dissipation rate, heavy metals injected by a laser blow off system on low-density flat-top discharges with a high level of RE seeding seem to induce disruptions expelling REs. Instabilities during the RE beam plateau phase have shown to enhance losses of REs, expelled from the beam core. Then, with the aim of triggering instabilities to increase RE losses, an oscillating loop voltage has been tested on RE beam plateau phase at TCV revealing, for the first time, what seems to be a full conversion from runaway to ohmic current. We finally report progresses in the design of control strategies at JET in view of the incoming SPI mitigation experiments.

Original language	English
Article number	014036
Journal	Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
Volume	61
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aaef53
State	Published - 1 Jan 2019
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

magnetic confinement
plasma control system
runaways

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10.1088/1361-6587/aaef53

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@article{b3482e16e5d0492dbe61bf55012fd9ca,

title = "Runaway electron beam control",

abstract = "Post-disruption runaway electron (RE) beams in tokamaks with large current can cause deep melting of the vessel and are one of the major concerns for ITER operations. Consequently, a considerable effort is provided by the scientific community in order to test RE mitigation strategies. We present an overview of the results obtained at FTU and TCV controlling the current and position of RE beams to improve safety and repeatability of mitigation studies such as massive gas (MGI) and shattered pellet injections (SPI). We show that the proposed RE beam controller (REB-C) implemented at FTU and TCV is effective and that current reduction of the beam can be performed via the central solenoid reducing the energy of REs, providing an alternative/parallel mitigation strategy to MGI/SPI. Experimental results show that, meanwhile deuterium pellets injected on a fully formed RE beam are ablated but do not improve RE energy dissipation rate, heavy metals injected by a laser blow off system on low-density flat-top discharges with a high level of RE seeding seem to induce disruptions expelling REs. Instabilities during the RE beam plateau phase have shown to enhance losses of REs, expelled from the beam core. Then, with the aim of triggering instabilities to increase RE losses, an oscillating loop voltage has been tested on RE beam plateau phase at TCV revealing, for the first time, what seems to be a full conversion from runaway to ohmic current. We finally report progresses in the design of control strategies at JET in view of the incoming SPI mitigation experiments.",

keywords = "magnetic confinement, plasma control system, runaways",

author = "{Saint Petersburg IAEA - FEC2014 - G. Pucella} and {The ASDEX Upgrade, MAST and TCV Teams} and {JET contributors} and {the FTU results G Pucella} and F. Bombarda and L. Calacci and F. Cordella and G. Ferr{\`o} and A. Gabrielli and A. Havranek and A. Lier and E. Macusova and F. Martinelli and M. Passeri and C. Possieri and B. Tilia and F. Bagnato and B. Angelini and Apicella, {M. L.} and G. Artaserse and E. Barbato and A. Bertocchi and S. Briguglio and A. Bruschi and C. Centioli and S. Cirant and {de Angelis}, R. and D. Farina and G. Fogaccia and V. Fusco and G. Grossetti and G. Grosso and F. Iannone and H. Kroegler and M. Lontano and G. Maddaluno and G. Mazzitelli and A. Milovanov and D. Minelli and Mirizzi, {F. C.} and Moro, {G. A.} and L. Panaccione and M. Panella and S. Podda and Romano, {Pizzuto A.A.} and Tuccillo, {A. A.} and E. Vitale and G. Vlad and S. Almaviva and G. Canal and L. Caneve and F. Colao and F. Crescenzi and Wiechec, {A. Baron}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd.",

year = "2019",

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day = "1",

doi = "10.1088/1361-6587/aaef53",

language = "英语",

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journal = "Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion",

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T1 - Runaway electron beam control

AU - Saint Petersburg IAEA - FEC2014 - G. Pucella

AU - The ASDEX Upgrade, MAST and TCV Teams

AU - JET contributors

AU - the FTU results G Pucella

AU - Bombarda, F.

AU - Calacci, L.

AU - Cordella, F.

AU - Ferrò, G.

AU - Gabrielli, A.

AU - Havranek, A.

AU - Lier, A.

AU - Macusova, E.

AU - Martinelli, F.

AU - Passeri, M.

AU - Possieri, C.

AU - Tilia, B.

AU - Bagnato, F.

AU - Angelini, B.

AU - Apicella, M. L.

AU - Artaserse, G.

AU - Barbato, E.

AU - Bertocchi, A.

AU - Briguglio, S.

AU - Bruschi, A.

AU - Centioli, C.

AU - Cirant, S.

AU - de Angelis, R.

AU - Farina, D.

AU - Fogaccia, G.

AU - Fusco, V.

AU - Grossetti, G.

AU - Grosso, G.

AU - Iannone, F.

AU - Kroegler, H.

AU - Lontano, M.

AU - Maddaluno, G.

AU - Mazzitelli, G.

AU - Milovanov, A.

AU - Minelli, D.

AU - Mirizzi, F. C.

AU - Moro, G. A.

AU - Panaccione, L.

AU - Panella, M.

AU - Podda, S.

AU - Romano, Pizzuto A.A.

AU - Tuccillo, A. A.

AU - Vitale, E.

AU - Vlad, G.

AU - Almaviva, S.

AU - Canal, G.

AU - Caneve, L.

AU - Colao, F.

AU - Crescenzi, F.

AU - Wiechec, A. Baron

PY - 2019/1/1

Y1 - 2019/1/1

N2 - Post-disruption runaway electron (RE) beams in tokamaks with large current can cause deep melting of the vessel and are one of the major concerns for ITER operations. Consequently, a considerable effort is provided by the scientific community in order to test RE mitigation strategies. We present an overview of the results obtained at FTU and TCV controlling the current and position of RE beams to improve safety and repeatability of mitigation studies such as massive gas (MGI) and shattered pellet injections (SPI). We show that the proposed RE beam controller (REB-C) implemented at FTU and TCV is effective and that current reduction of the beam can be performed via the central solenoid reducing the energy of REs, providing an alternative/parallel mitigation strategy to MGI/SPI. Experimental results show that, meanwhile deuterium pellets injected on a fully formed RE beam are ablated but do not improve RE energy dissipation rate, heavy metals injected by a laser blow off system on low-density flat-top discharges with a high level of RE seeding seem to induce disruptions expelling REs. Instabilities during the RE beam plateau phase have shown to enhance losses of REs, expelled from the beam core. Then, with the aim of triggering instabilities to increase RE losses, an oscillating loop voltage has been tested on RE beam plateau phase at TCV revealing, for the first time, what seems to be a full conversion from runaway to ohmic current. We finally report progresses in the design of control strategies at JET in view of the incoming SPI mitigation experiments.

AB - Post-disruption runaway electron (RE) beams in tokamaks with large current can cause deep melting of the vessel and are one of the major concerns for ITER operations. Consequently, a considerable effort is provided by the scientific community in order to test RE mitigation strategies. We present an overview of the results obtained at FTU and TCV controlling the current and position of RE beams to improve safety and repeatability of mitigation studies such as massive gas (MGI) and shattered pellet injections (SPI). We show that the proposed RE beam controller (REB-C) implemented at FTU and TCV is effective and that current reduction of the beam can be performed via the central solenoid reducing the energy of REs, providing an alternative/parallel mitigation strategy to MGI/SPI. Experimental results show that, meanwhile deuterium pellets injected on a fully formed RE beam are ablated but do not improve RE energy dissipation rate, heavy metals injected by a laser blow off system on low-density flat-top discharges with a high level of RE seeding seem to induce disruptions expelling REs. Instabilities during the RE beam plateau phase have shown to enhance losses of REs, expelled from the beam core. Then, with the aim of triggering instabilities to increase RE losses, an oscillating loop voltage has been tested on RE beam plateau phase at TCV revealing, for the first time, what seems to be a full conversion from runaway to ohmic current. We finally report progresses in the design of control strategies at JET in view of the incoming SPI mitigation experiments.

KW - magnetic confinement

KW - plasma control system

KW - runaways

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85057828309&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1088/1361-6587/aaef53

DO - 10.1088/1361-6587/aaef53

M3 - 文章

AN - SCOPUS:85057828309

SN - 0741-3335

VL - 61

JO - Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion

JF - Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion

IS - 1

M1 - 014036

ER -

Runaway electron beam control

Abstract

Keywords

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