TY - JOUR
T1 - High-throughput synthesis of cross-linked poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-bis(aminomethyl)ferrocene) microspheres and their performance as a superparamagnetic, electrochemical, fluorescent and adsorbent material
AU - Ali, Shafqat
AU - Zuhra, Zareen
AU - Butler, Ian S.
AU - Dar, Sami Ullah
AU - Hameed, Muhammad Usman
AU - Wu, Dezhen
AU - Zhang, Liqun
AU - Wu, Zhanpeng
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - Ferrocenylphosphazenes have been attracting increasing attention for their special properties and potential applications. We describe here a new high-throughput synthesis of cross-linked poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-bis(aminomethyl)ferrocene) microspheres via the polycondensation of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and 1,1′-di(aminomethyl)ferrocene by precipitation polymerization. The mean diameter of the microsphere varies from 0.3 to 1.3 μm, depending on the concentrations of both monomers in a calculated molar ratio. The morphology and structure of microspheres were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, EDX and TEM analyses. TG analysis demonstrated their superior thermal stability owing to the presence of high cross-linked bonding. Magnetic measurements revealed that the microspheres are superparamagnetic with a saturation magnetization of 23.7 emu g−1. The electrochemical properties of the microspheres were also examined by cyclic voltammetry and the results showed a single reversible redox process. Room-temperature photoluminescence spectra of the microspheres exhibited a strong emission peak at 405 nm. The Brunauer−Emmett−Teller (BET) pore-size distribution maximum is about 37.4 nm that leads to efficient adsorption behavior. These microspheres were found to be an excellent high capacity adsorbent for the selective cationic dye (methylene blue) removal from contaminated water. The changes in parameters, such as contact time, temperature and concentration of adsorbate were examined to study their influence on adsorption capacity. The results obtained suggest that the microspheres can effectively adsorb methylene blue with an adsorption capacity increasing from 480 to 2160 mg g−1as the initial concentration was increased from 50 to 400 mg L−1. Owing to the superior properties and novelty of the synthesized hybrid microspheres, they can possibly be used in several applications, e.g., in catalysis, bio-assays, and electric and magnetic devices.
AB - Ferrocenylphosphazenes have been attracting increasing attention for their special properties and potential applications. We describe here a new high-throughput synthesis of cross-linked poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-bis(aminomethyl)ferrocene) microspheres via the polycondensation of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and 1,1′-di(aminomethyl)ferrocene by precipitation polymerization. The mean diameter of the microsphere varies from 0.3 to 1.3 μm, depending on the concentrations of both monomers in a calculated molar ratio. The morphology and structure of microspheres were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, EDX and TEM analyses. TG analysis demonstrated their superior thermal stability owing to the presence of high cross-linked bonding. Magnetic measurements revealed that the microspheres are superparamagnetic with a saturation magnetization of 23.7 emu g−1. The electrochemical properties of the microspheres were also examined by cyclic voltammetry and the results showed a single reversible redox process. Room-temperature photoluminescence spectra of the microspheres exhibited a strong emission peak at 405 nm. The Brunauer−Emmett−Teller (BET) pore-size distribution maximum is about 37.4 nm that leads to efficient adsorption behavior. These microspheres were found to be an excellent high capacity adsorbent for the selective cationic dye (methylene blue) removal from contaminated water. The changes in parameters, such as contact time, temperature and concentration of adsorbate were examined to study their influence on adsorption capacity. The results obtained suggest that the microspheres can effectively adsorb methylene blue with an adsorption capacity increasing from 480 to 2160 mg g−1as the initial concentration was increased from 50 to 400 mg L−1. Owing to the superior properties and novelty of the synthesized hybrid microspheres, they can possibly be used in several applications, e.g., in catalysis, bio-assays, and electric and magnetic devices.
KW - Adsorption
KW - Electrochemistry
KW - Fluorescence
KW - Microspheres
KW - Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-bis(aminomethyl)ferrocene)
KW - Superparamagnetism
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85010796673&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cej.2017.01.049
DO - 10.1016/j.cej.2017.01.049
M3 - 文章
AN - SCOPUS:85010796673
SN - 1385-8947
VL - 315
SP - 448
EP - 458
JO - Chemical Engineering Journal
JF - Chemical Engineering Journal
ER -