TY - JOUR
T1 - Biodegradation of 1-methylindole and 3-methylindole by mangrove sediment enrichment cultures and a pure culture of an isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gs
AU - Yin, Bo
AU - Huang, Liangmin
AU - Gu, Ji Dong
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, ‘863 Project’ no. 2002AA601160, and SCSIO project no. LYQY200306. We thank Pan Li for the determination of the 16S rDNA sequences of the bacterium used in this investigation, an anonymous reviewer’s comments on an early version of this manuscript, and Professor Ron Hill for further proof reading.
PY - 2006/10
Y1 - 2006/10
N2 - Indolic compounds are N-heterocyclic aromatic chemicals and have been detected at contaminated sites. Biodegradation of 1-methylindole (1MI) and 3-methylindole (3MI) was investigated initially using enrichment cultures with mangrove sediment obtained from Mai Po Nature Reserve of Hong Kong and subsequently with a pure culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gs confirmed with 16S rRNA gene. At 2.0 mM, 1MI and 3MI were degraded in 4 and 3 days, respectively, by the respective 1MI- and 3MI-degrading enrichment cultures. When substrate concentrations were increased to 3.0,mM and 3.5,mM, slower degradation of 1MI and 3MI was observed indicating inhibitory effects from the substrates, possibly due to toxicity. In addition, no colony of bacteria could be observed on the agar plates amended with 3.5,mM 1MI or 4.0,mM 3MI, indicating that 1MI was more toxic than 3MI. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gs, isolated from the enrichment culture, effectively utilized both substrates as the sole source of carbon and energy. Complete degradation of 1MI and 3MI was achieved after more than 40 days and 24 days, respectively, at an initial concentration of 2,mM in the culture. Effects of initial substrate concentration, pH and salinity on degradation of 1MI and 3MI by P. aeruginosa Gs were also studied in batch culture. The optimum pH and salinity for degrading both substrates by P. aeruginosa Gs was 7.0 and 5‰, respectively. Biodegradation kinetics of 1MI and 3MI by P. aeruginosa Gs could be described using a first-order kinetic model. Our results suggest that both 1MI and 3MI are biodegradable in the mangrove environment and that toxicity of 1MI could be a potential factor limiting the removal of the chemical in the environment by microorganisms.
AB - Indolic compounds are N-heterocyclic aromatic chemicals and have been detected at contaminated sites. Biodegradation of 1-methylindole (1MI) and 3-methylindole (3MI) was investigated initially using enrichment cultures with mangrove sediment obtained from Mai Po Nature Reserve of Hong Kong and subsequently with a pure culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gs confirmed with 16S rRNA gene. At 2.0 mM, 1MI and 3MI were degraded in 4 and 3 days, respectively, by the respective 1MI- and 3MI-degrading enrichment cultures. When substrate concentrations were increased to 3.0,mM and 3.5,mM, slower degradation of 1MI and 3MI was observed indicating inhibitory effects from the substrates, possibly due to toxicity. In addition, no colony of bacteria could be observed on the agar plates amended with 3.5,mM 1MI or 4.0,mM 3MI, indicating that 1MI was more toxic than 3MI. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gs, isolated from the enrichment culture, effectively utilized both substrates as the sole source of carbon and energy. Complete degradation of 1MI and 3MI was achieved after more than 40 days and 24 days, respectively, at an initial concentration of 2,mM in the culture. Effects of initial substrate concentration, pH and salinity on degradation of 1MI and 3MI by P. aeruginosa Gs were also studied in batch culture. The optimum pH and salinity for degrading both substrates by P. aeruginosa Gs was 7.0 and 5‰, respectively. Biodegradation kinetics of 1MI and 3MI by P. aeruginosa Gs could be described using a first-order kinetic model. Our results suggest that both 1MI and 3MI are biodegradable in the mangrove environment and that toxicity of 1MI could be a potential factor limiting the removal of the chemical in the environment by microorganisms.
KW - 1-methylindole
KW - 3-methylindole
KW - Degradation
KW - First-order kinetic model
KW - Mangrove sediment
KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gs
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33748459210&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11270-006-9159-1
DO - 10.1007/s11270-006-9159-1
M3 - 文章
AN - SCOPUS:33748459210
SN - 0049-6979
VL - 176
SP - 185
EP - 199
JO - Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
JF - Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
IS - 1-4
ER -